Triptans are a class of drugs primarily used to treat migraine headaches. They work by stimulating serotonin receptors, specifically the 5-HT1B and 5-HT1D receptors, in the brain. This action leads to the constriction of blood vessels and the reduction of inflammation in the brain, which helps alleviate migraine symptoms. Triptans are effective in relieving pain, nausea, and sensitivity to light and sound often associated with migraines. They are most effective when taken early in a migraine attack. Common examples include sumatriptan, rizatriptan, and zolmitriptan. Triptans are generally well-tolerated but are not suitable for people with certain cardiovascular conditions due to their vasoconstrictive effects.
